The causes of acne are not yet fully known. The genetic factor is the only cause recognized by
scientists so far. However, some scientists believe that stress, poor hygiene, hormones, environment (pollution, sun exposure) and certain foods
can encourage the development of acne.
Sun
Exposure – while a limited amount of sun exposure is good for
the skin, excess aggravates acne, and causes other damages to the skin including skin cancer.
Hormones - hormonal factors are also suspected in developing acne. This
cause is more common among young men, with relative exacerbation in women during menstruation.
Diet -The
relationship between acne and foods (meats, chocolate, etc.) is not fully proven, but some fatty foods may
contain benzene and chlorine pollutants that might induce or exacerbate acne.
Genetic- The risk of developing acne runs in families. It is shown in many
studies that those who have family history of acne tend to suffer from the disease more easily than those who do
not.
Bacteria - The proliferation of bacteria such as
Propionibacterium acnes can provoke acne. Propionibacterium acnes is a bacterium that normally present on most
people's skin and throughout the gastrointestinal tract in humans and many other animals. It does not cause
infection; however, it aggravates inflammation of the follicle when there is an excess sebum production, or when
the skin is exposed to certain chemicals.
Pollution - Exposure to certain pollutants, including chlorine,
increases the risk of acne. Some pesticides, perhaps because of their character endocrine disruptor (hormonally
active agent), seem to be able to trigger episodes of acne called chloracne.
Hyperseborrhea
- An excessive sebum (oil) production, origin hormonal, is also responsible for acne,
some scientists believe. This natural oil of the skin serves to protect it from external aggression, forming a
thin film lipid at its surface. At puberty, the increase production of certain hormones (testosterone in
particular) causes an excess of pilosebaceous glands activity resulting in skin disorders such as acne.